The Pinto

Although some equate the Pinto to the American Indian, it is believed that horses with this type of coloration arrived in Europe via the Middle East long before the American Indian's association with the breed. Art that included horses with typical Pinto patterns appears in ancient Middle Eastern art.

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It is believed that the Pinto is a descendant of the Spanish horses brought to America in the sixteenth century. Those horses were Barb stock crossed with European stock. After the arrival of the Spanish horses the wild herds of horses across America began to show signs of Pinto coloration.

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Eventually the American Indian domesticated horses, among them the Pinto. They loved color and decoration so the Pinto's unique markings and patterns were very much sought after. The American Indian also appreciated the Pinto's patterns because it was a natural camouflage.

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Although this same coloration can be found around the world the Pinto only has breed status in America. The Pinto Horse Association of America established the breed in 1963. The Pinto Horse is a color breed with documentation of pedigree. The Pinto Horse Association has four classifications. "Horse" is for animals over 56" in height. The "Pony" classification is for animals between 34" and 56". The "Miniature" classification is for animals under 34" while the "B Miniature" classification is for animals between 34" and 38" at maturity.

The Pinto has two types of coloring. The first, Ovaro, is the recessive gene and it is a basic solid coat with large, irregular blotches of white over it. Horses of this color are more common in South America. The second, Tobiano, is a white base coat with large patches of solid color over it. It is the dominant gene and is more common in North America.

References:
1. Edwards E. (1991). The Ultimate Horse Book.   New York: DK Publishing.